A slightly silly idea that might nonetheless work-
You know barn doors? Mount a set to the front of your projector.
(no, that wasn't a joke. Nor a cue to raid someone's farm.)
Those things. They're fully adjustable, and once set in place, they stick, and are easily movable. They can't do 'odd' shapes such as circles, though, but for most purposes these shouldn't be a problem.
You can get these to fit a wide variety of Fresnel lanterns, from miniature to large. They're cheap too, so for a cheap, adjustable aperture, why not.